Caring for your children's teeth

Start dental visits during infancy

The American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry recommends bringing your child to the dentist before his/her first birthday. At this initial visit, the dentist will:

• check your child's teeth for decay and signs of early developmental problems;
• explain how to care for your child's teeth; and
• answer any questions or concerns you might have.

Children should see a dentist every six months. To help your child develop a positive attitude about the dentist:

• Take your child with you when you go in for a checkup so he/she can get used to the office and its staff.
• Avoid using negative words such as "needle" and "hurt."
• "Play dentist" to familiarize your child with what takes place during a visit.
• Ask your dentist how he/she explains procedures to children.
• Answer your child's questions honestly and sensitively.

Caring for an infant's teeth

Cleaning a child's teeth should begin when the first tooth is visible, because teeth are susceptible to decay as soon as they appear in the mouth.

Wipe the baby's teeth and gums clean after every feeding with a soft, damp washcloth or gauze pad. A leading cause of tooth decay among young children is known as "baby bottle syndrome." When an infant is allowed to drink from a nursing bottle containing milk, formula or fruit juice during nap time or at night, the baby often falls asleep with the bottle in his or her mouth. Exposure to the sugars and acids in these liquids that pool around the teeth can cause discoloration and decay.

Since breast milk contains sugar, decay also can occur when a baby falls asleep while breast-feeding. To prevent damage to the teeth, clean your child's teeth after each feeding and, if necessary, give him or her a bottle filled only with water at bedtime or during a nap.

Fluoride and eating habits are key to healthy teeth

Studies have shown that children who drink fluoridated water from birth have up to 65 percent fewer cavities, and by the time they become teenagers, many of them still have no tooth decay.

If you live in a community without a fluoridated water supply, you can make sure your kids get their fluoride by using tablets, drops or gel and by having topical fluoride treatments applied at the dental office (to check whether your drinking water contains fluoride, call your local water company or health department). Using a fluoride toothpaste and mouth rinse is also effective.

A balanced diet is also an important contributor to healthy teeth and gums. Children especially need calcium, which helps build strong teeth. Good sources of calcium are milk, cheese and yogurt. Research shows that eating cheese after meals seems to inhibit the effects of decay-causing acids. Avoid snacks containing sugar or starch.

By age 3

Children should be brushing their own teeth under adult supervision. Only a pea-sized amount of toothpaste is necessary. Start flossing your child's teeth daily when all the primary teeth are in or when teeth are touching each other.

By age 8

Children should be able to brush and floss by themselves, with occasional checks. Turn brushing and flossing into a daily routine-make it fun by giving your child a colorful toothbrush and bubble gum-flavored floss.

Sealants can stop cavities before they begin

When your child's first molars grow in around age six, the deep pits and fissures in these back teeth are difficult to clean. Children may have poor brushing habits and snack frequently, which also contribute to increased frequency of tooth decay at an early age.

Dental sealants may be a solution to the problem. A sealant is a thin plastic coating applied to the chewing surfaces of the back teeth. By filling in the teeth's grooves, sealants create a barrier against food and bacteria that cause decay. Because there is no drilling involved when applying sealants, there is no loss of tooth structure and no discomfort. Sealants can be applied by a registered dental hygienist or a dentist and take less time than having a tooth filled. More about sealants.

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